Bernal Pitted Green Manzanilla Olives - Catering Size 4.25kg, Stoneless

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The model presented here targets the simulation of the interactions between olive trees and their environment through a detailed characterization of the water and carbon balances of the orchard as affected by weather variables, soil attributes and management operations. The generally high level of agreement found between measured and simulated data evidence the suitability of OliveCan for estimating olive orchard dynamics. These results encourage the application of the model to simulate the growth, carbon exchange and water relations of olive orchards in a wide range of research contexts, including studies on the performance of olive trees under climate change scenarios. The development of OliveCan has also highlighted significant knowledge gaps in relation to some physiological processes and the cultivar specificity of some of the parameters. Further research on these aspects may contribute to improve the reliability of the model. Author Contributions

Fernández, J. E., Moreno, F., Cabrera, F., Arrue, J. L., and Martin-Aranda, J. (1991). Drip irrigation, soil characteristics and the root activity of olive trees. Plant Soil 133, 239–251. doi: 10.1007/BF00009196 Farquhar, G. D., von Caemmerer, S., and Berry, J. A. (1980). A biochemical model of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation in leaves of C3 species. Planta 90, 78–90. doi: 10.1007/BF00386231 Daily effective precipitation ( P eff) is calculated by discounting rainfall interception by the canopy ( P int) from total daily precipitation ( P). P int is calculated using a simplified version of the model of Gómez et al. (2001) and the resulting P eff is distributed proportionally between the two soil zones as a function of the surface fractions that remain rainfed or are wetted by localized irrigation. With regard to P int, the canopy is treated as a capacitor capable of storing rain water up to a certain limit determined by canopy dimensions and leaf area index ( LAI), according to Gómez et al. (2001). The stored water is subsequently lost by direct evaporation, which is simulated based on the Penman–Monteith equation assuming a null canopy resistance. As in Testi et al. (2006), the aerodynamic resistance is deduced from the model proposed by Raupach (1994), parametrized and validated specifically for olive orchards following Verhoef et al. (1997). The direct evaporation from wet foliage prevents tree transpiration ( E p), until the intercepted water is totally lost. Koubouris, G. C., Metzidakis, I. T., and Vasilakakis, M. D. (2009). Impact of temperature on olive ( Olea europea L.) pollen performance in relation to relative humidity and genotype. Environ. Exp. Bot. 67, 209–214. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.06.002Scariano, L., Lo Bianco, R., Di Marco, L., and Policarpo, M. (2008). “Dynamics of dry matter partitioning in young ‘Nocellara del Belice’ olive trees,” in Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Olive Growing, Vols 1 and 2, ed. M. T. L. S. F. L. Ozkaya (Leuven: Acta Horticulturae), 397–401. doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2008.791.58

López-Bernal, A., Garcia-Tejera, O., Orgaz, F., Testi, L., and Villalobos, F. J. (2014). “Olive bud dormancy is induced by low temperatures” in Proceedings of the XIIIth Congress of the European Society for Agronomy, eds P. Pepó and J. Csajbók (Debrecen: University of Debrecen), 253–254. P.S. Another olive favorite are these Olive Puffs (I think they’re delicious year-round, but especially at Halloween). Romero, P., Castro, G., Gómez, J. A., and Fereres, E. (2007). Curve number values for olive orchards under different soil management. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 71, 1758–1769. doi: 10.2136/sssaj2007.0034 The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. Supplementary MaterialKeep in a cool and dry place, away from direct sunlight. Once opened, keep refrigerated covered in the brine and consume within 7 days.