Portrait (Lit Z)

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German: [ˈlɪst]; Hungarian: Liszt Ferencz, in modern usage Liszt Ferenc Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈlist ˈfɛrɛnt͡s]. Liszt's Hungarian passport spelled his given name as "Ferencz". An orthographic reform of the Hungarian language in 1922 (which was 36 years after Liszt's death) changed the letter "cz" to simply "c" in all words except surnames; this has led to Liszt's given name being rendered in modern Hungarian usage as "Ferenc". From 1859 to 1867 he was officially Franz Ritter von Liszt; he was created a Ritter (knight) by Emperor Francis Joseph I in 1859, but never used this title of nobility in public. The title was necessary to marry the Princess Carolyne zu Sayn-Wittgenstein without her losing her privileges, but after the marriage fell through, Liszt transferred the title to his uncle Eduard in 1867. Eduard's son was Franz von Liszt. At a second concert on 13 April 1823, Beethoven was reputed to have kissed Liszt on the forehead. While Liszt himself told this story later in life, this incident may have occurred on a different occasion. Regardless, Liszt regarded it as a form of artistic christening ( Searle, 11:29). A key parameter to quantify this perturbating current distribution over the surface of the conductor is the skin depth expressed below (figure 4). It is well admitted that the first choice for the conductor diameter must always remain below 2δ (dconductor < 2δ) not to see a noticeable increase in its resistance. For instance, an easy calculation at 7δ diameter leads to twice the DCR value (figure 5). When COVID swept the planet, the moral injury crisis became more pressing as ethically wrenching dilemmas became the new normal—not just for health-care workers but for others in frontline roles. Store employees had to risk their own safety and that of vulnerable family members to make a living. Lawyers often could not meet clients in person, making it nearly impossible to represent those clients adequately. In such situations, “no matter how hard you work, you’re always going to be falling short,” says California public defender Jenny Andrews.

Litz wire is used to make inductors and transformers, especially for high frequency applications where the skin effect is more pronounced and proximity effect can be an even more severe problem. Litz wire is one kind of stranded wire, but, in this case, the reason for its use is not the usual one of avoiding complete wire breakage due to material fatigue. After Liszt settled in Weimar, his pupils steadily increased in number. By his death in 1886, there would have been several hundred people who in some sense could have been regarded as his students. August Göllerich published a voluminous catalogue of them. [n 16] In a note he added the remark that he had taken the connotation of "student" in its widest sense. As a consequence, his catalog includes names of pianists, violinists, cellists, harpists, organists, composers, conductors, singers, and even writers. Litz wires cannot be only defined by the stranding. Other parameters of importance are the bunching and the twisting (table 4).Asa matter of fact, the bunching (ex. : 50x5 vs. 10x5x5…) and its direction (S or Z at different levels) could affect a lot the frequency behavior (figure 8). The twisting (number of rotations per meter or lay length or pitch) is normally calibrated to have at least 3 rotations along the mean turn length of the winding; this is to balance the best proximity effect cancellation. In July 1854, Liszt stated in his essay about Berlioz and Harold in Italy that not all music was program music. If in the heat of a debate, a person would go so far as to claim the contrary, it would be better to put all ideas of program music aside. But it would be possible to take means like harmony, modulation, rhythm, instrumentation, and others to let a musical motif endure a fate. In any case, a program should be added to a piece of music only if it was necessarily needed for an adequate understanding of that piece. Table 1.Optimized Fr coefficients for some given topologies/technologies. Transformer Type with Optimized Litz StrandIn 2020 VOA created an online version of RST for health workers and others called Resilience Strength Time (ReST). Free ReST sessions run a few times a week, and attendees sign up for as many as they want. The first 12 symphonic poems were composed in the decade 1848–58 (though some use material conceived earlier); one other, Von der Wiege bis zum Grabe ( From the Cradle to the Grave), followed in 1882. Liszt's intent, according to Hugh MacDonald in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians, was for these single-movement works "to display the traditional logic of symphonic thought." [94] That logic, embodied in sonata form as musical development, was traditionally the unfolding of latent possibilities in given themes in rhythm, melody and harmony, either in part or in their entirety, as they were allowed to combine, separate and contrast with one another. [95] To the resulting sense of struggle, Beethoven had added intensity of feeling and the involvement of his audiences in that feeling, beginning from the Eroica Symphony to use the elements of the craft of music— melody, bass, counterpoint, rhythm and harmony—in a new synthesis of elements toward this end. [96] Fr = Rac/Rdc is a coefficient of interest that could be set as a design rule for given technologies and stranding (table 1). It shows the increase of copper losses vs. frequency depending on the wire and winding arrangements. The below table proposes some coefficients that can be applied for the total copper losses estimation with a good Litz wire selection for the windings. Of course, if the harmonics content of the current waveform is high, a more accurate study shall be performed. On the 7 July 1853, Liszt, the composer Richard Wagner and the poet Georg Herwegh made a boat ride on Lake Lucerne from Brunnen to Rütli where the three took a brotherly potion from the three mythical sources. [40] The two latter ones were in exile in Switzerland due to their revolutionary activities in Germany. [40] In 1835, the countess left her husband and family to join Liszt in Geneva; Liszt's daughter with the countess, Blandine, was born there on 18 December. [24] Liszt taught at the newly founded Geneva Conservatory, wrote a manual of piano technique (later lost) [25] and contributed essays for the Paris Revue et gazette musicale. In these essays, he argued for the raising of the artist from the status of a servant to a respected member of the community. [16]

Butterworth, S. (August 1926), "Effective Resistance of Inductance Coils at Radio Frequency", Wireless and Wireless Eng., 3: 483It is particularly true when the component is submitted to a high-frequency switching with high current variations (for example resonant chokes with full wave excitation). Of course, other design considerations will be important to reduce the copper losses at the minimum, such as the winding structure (bifilar, concentric, multi-level interleaving…) or the core design (single or multigap…). From the early 1860s, there were attempts to obtain a position for Liszt in Hungary. In 1871, the Hungarian Prime Minister Gyula Andrássy made a new attempt writing on 4 June 1871, to the Hungarian King (the Austrian Emperor Franz Joseph I), requesting an annual grant of 4,000 Gulden and the rank of a "Königlicher Rat" ("Crown Councillor") for Liszt, who in return would permanently settle in Budapest, directing the orchestra of the National Theatre as well as musical institutions. [n 4]

Meanwhile moral injury research at Litz’s lab and elsewhere was starting to take flight. In 2013, along with his health-care colleagues, Litz debuted and road tested what he called the Moral Injury Events Scale, a measure of exposure to events that can cause moral injury. The scale assessed things such as how much people felt they’d violated their morals, how much they felt others had betrayed important values and the level of distress they experienced as a result. Other investigators have confirmed moral injury can come with significant mental health burdens: in a 2019 study of five VA clinics across the U.S., people who’d experienced moral injury consistently had a higher risk of suicide than control participants. Moral injury is a specific trauma that arises when people face situations that deeply violate their conscience or threaten their core values. Those who grapple with it, such as McGowan, can struggle with guilt, anger and a consuming sense that they can’t forgive themselves or others. Chang, Joanne Chew-Ann (16 December 2021). The bridge to modernism: Franz Lizst and the late piano music (Thesis thesis). Indiana University. Figure 6.Litz wire for proximity effect reduction between thin strands.Image used courtesy of Bodo’s Power Systems[PDF] A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music in one movement in which some extramusical program provides a narrative or illustrative element. This program may come from a poem, a story or novel, a painting, or another source. The term was first applied by Liszt to his 13 one-movement orchestral works in this vein. They were not pure symphonic movements in the classical sense because they dealt with descriptive subjects taken from mythology, Romantic literature, recent history, or imaginative fantasy. In other words, these works were programmatic rather than abstract. [92] The form was a direct product of Romanticism which encouraged literary, pictorial, and dramatic associations in music. It developed into an important form of program music in the second half of the 19th century. [93]At a later stage, Liszt experimented with "forbidden" things such as parallel 5ths in the "Csárdás macabre" [n 12] and atonality in the Bagatelle sans tonalité ("Bagatelle without Tonality"). Pieces like the "2nd Mephisto-Waltz" are unconventional because of their numerous repetitions of short motives. Also showing experimental characteristics are the Via crucis of 1878, as well as Unstern!, Nuages gris, and the two works entitled La lugubre gondola of the 1880s. The inscription "In magnis et voluisse sat est" ("In great things, to have wished them is sufficient") had in Liszt's youth been correlated with his friend Felix Lichnowski.