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Zhao, Andrew Jianhua (2013), "Designing a National Style: The Tangzhuang Phenomenon", The Chinese Fashion Industry: An Ethnographic Approach, London: Bloomsbury, pp. 69–82, ISBN 9781847889386 .
Manchu is an ethnic minority lived in the northeast of China, they established the Qing regime, overthrew Ming and ruled the whole China gradually. After that, Manchu's costume style made a big impact on Han people, and Han officials were forced to wear "Magua" then. The Western-style clothes and the Chinese attire were compassable at the turn of the 19th century and the 20th century, during which Hong Kong and Macau compatriots distinguished the Western toilette from the Chinese toilette according to the differences between the Western-style suit and the Tang suit. The modern Chinese tunic suit is a style of male attire originally known in China as the Zhongshan suit (after Sun Yet-Sen, also called Sun Zhongshan), and later as the Mao suit (after Mao Zedong). Although the Tang suit is not clothing in the Tang dynasty, it has something to do with it. The Tang dynasty is one of the most prosperous times in Chinese history. As a result, people usually use the word Tang to refer to traditional Chinese culture. For example, Chinatowns in the U.S. or the U.K. are also be called Tang People Street. Manchu costumes in the Qing Dynasty, according to the different occasions, can be divided into Lifu (ceremonial dress, Xingfu (行服) and Changfu (常服, daily wear clothing) and other categories. Among them, Xingfu is the most riding element of clothing, it comes directly from the Manchu hunting life.
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Tang suits, as Tang People Street's name, represent certain clothing of deep traditional Chinese cultures. The host, Jiang Zemin (the former Chairman of the PRC), presented silk-embroidered Tang suits to the heads of foreign countries at the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in Shanghai in 2011, setting off a rush to wear Tang suits across the world.
There are numerous clothing designs and forms in Chinese ethnic minorities. Generally speaking, they can be classified into two types: long gowns and short clothes. People usually wear a hat and boots to match long gowns, head clothes, and shoes to match short clothes. The gowns take various forms: the high-collar and big-front type worn by the Mongolian, the Manchu, the Tu, and so on; the collarless tilted-front type worn by the Tibetan, the Moinba, and so on; the tilted-front type worn by the Uygur and other ethnic minorities; and so on. As for short clothes, they fall into two types: trousers and skirts. It was stipulated that the third-rank officials and above wore green silk pao and shenyi, and the common people wore white linen pao during the Qin Dynasty. Hanfu in the Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties (581 – 1279) Hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han nationality,“Began the Yellow Emperor, prepare for Yao and Shun”, came from the Yellow Emperor system Mianfu and was fixed in the Zhou dynasty. In different periods of history, Hanfu has some changes, but overlapped and rightward collars are invariable. A whole set of Hanfu usually consists of three layers: a small coat (underwear), a middle coat(inner garment), and an overcoat. Until the Han Dynasty, the Hanfu was adopted and promoted by the ruling class. The Mianfu of Topcoat-plus-Skirt style(separate tops and lower garment) is the official dress of the emperors and officials. Shenyi (Gown) is the casual clothing of the officials and scholars, and Served Ru skirt is worn by women. The laboring class generally wears short clothing in imperfect conditions. Qiao Hong (September 2009), "Chinese Clothing: From Gray-Blue to Coloured Years", Confucius Institute Magazine, vol.4, Beijing: Office of the Chinese Language Council International .Sun Yat-sen introduced the style shortly after the Republic of China's founding as a form of national dress although with distinctly political and later governmental implications. He based the suit on the Japanese Cadet uniform.
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